41. What is multicast routing?
Sending a message to a group is called multicasting, and its routing algorithm is called multicast routing.
42. What is Mail Gateway?
It is a system that performs a protocol translation between different electronic mail delivery protocols.
43. What is IP address?
The internet address (IP address) is 32bits that uniquely and universally defines a host or router on the internet. The portion of the IP address that identifies the network is called netid. The portion of the IP address that identifies the host or router on the network is called hostid.
44. What do you mean by subnetting?
Subnetting divides one large network into several smaller ones. It adds an intermediate level of hierarchy in IP addressing.
45. What is Firewalls?
It is an electronic downbridge which is used to enhance the security of a network. It’s configuration has two components.
Two routers
Application gateway
46. What is Repeaters ?
A receiver receives a signal before it becomes too weak or corrupted, regenerates the original bit pattern, sand puts the refreshed copy back onto the link. It operates on phycal layer of OSI model.
47. What is Bridges?
They divide large network into smaller components.They can relay frames between two originally separated LANs. They provide security through partitioning traffic. They operate on phycal and data link layer of OSI model.
48. What is Gateway ?
It is a protocol converter.A gateway can accept a packet formatted for one protocol and convert it to a packet formatted for another protocol. It operates on all the seven layers of OSI model.
49. What do you mean by peer ?
Entities comprising the corresponding layers on different machines are called peers.
50. What do you mean by broadcasting ?
Broadcast system allow addressing a packet to all destination by using a special code in address field. when packet is transmitted it is received and processed by every machine on the network.
51. What is source route?
It is a sequence of IP addresses identifying the route a datagram must follow. A source route may optionally be included in an IP datagram header.
52. What are major types of networks?
Server-based network
Peer-to-peer network
53. What are the protocols in application layer ?
The protocols defined in application layer are
TELNET
FTP
SMTP
SMTP
54. What do you mean by point to point network?
Point to point network consist of many connections between individual pair of machines.large networks are point to point.Routing algorithm plays an important in point to point network.It uses stored ad forword technique.It is a packet switching network.
55. Define Retransmission?
Retransmission is a technique in which the receiver detects the occurrence of an error and asks the sender to resend the message. Resending is repeated until a message arrives that the receiver believes is error-freed.
56. What are major types of networks?
Server-based network
Peer-to-peer network
57. What are the protocols in application layer ?
The protocols defined in application layer are
TELNET
FTP
SMTP
SMTP
58. What do you mean by point to point network?
Point to point network consist of many connections between individual pair of machines.large networks are point to point.Routing algorithm plays an important in point to point network.It uses stored ad forword technique.It is a packet switching network.
59. What are the protocols in transport layer ?
The protocols defined in transport layer are :
TCP
UDP
60. Define TCP ?
It is connection oriented protocol.It consist byte streams oeiginating on one machine to be delivered without error on any other machine in the network.while transmitting it fragments the stream to discrete messages and passes to interner layer.At the destination it reassembles the messages into output stream.
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