21. What is Bandwidth?
Every line has an upper limit and a lower limit on the frequency of signals it can carry. This limited range is called the bandwidth.
22. What is point-to-point protocol?
A communications protocol used to connect computers to remote networking services including Internet service providers.
23. What is switching?
Switching in data communication is of three types
Circuit switching
Packet switching
Message switching
24. Compare analog and digital signals?
Analog signals can have an infinite number of values in a range but digital signal can have only a limited number of values.
25. What is the difference between ARP and RARP?
ARP - Address resolution protocol is used to associate the 32 bit IP address with the 48 bit physical address, used by a host or a router to find the physical address of another host on its network by sending a ARP query packet that includes the IP address of the receiver.
RARP - Reverse address resolution protocol allows a host to discover its Internet address when it knows only its physical address.
26. What is ICMP?
ICMP is Internet Control Message Protocol, a network layer protocol of the TCP/IP suite used by hosts and gateways to send notification of datagram problems back to the sender.
27. What is logical link control?
One of two sublayers of the data link layer of OSI reference model, as defined by the IEEE 802 standard. This sublayer is responsible for maintaining the link between computers when they are sending data across the physical network connection.
28. What is difference between baseband and broadband transmission?
In a baseband transmission, the entire bandwidth of the cable is consumed by a single signal. In broadband transmission, signals are sent on multiple frequencies, allowing multiple signals to be sent simultaneously.
29. What is mesh network?
A network in which there are multiple network links between computers to provide multiple paths for data to travel.
30. Define bit rate and bit interval?
Digital signals are aperiodic.so instead of using period and frequency we use bit interval and bit rate respectively.Bit interval is the time required to send one single bit.Bit rate is the number of bit intervals per second.
31. What is sampling?
It is the process of obtaining amplitude of a signal at regular intervals.
32. Define pulse amplitude modulation?
It is an analog to digital conversion method which takes analog signals, samples it and generates a series of pulse based on the results of the sampling. It is not used in data communication because the series of pulses generated still of any amplitude. To modify it we use pulse code modulation.
33. What is Nyquist Theorem?
According to this theorem, the sampling rate must be at least 2 times the highest frequency of the original signal.
34. What is Asynchronous mode of data transmission?
It is a serial mode of transmission.In this mode of transmission, each byte is framed with a start bit and a stop bit. There may be a variable length gap between each byte.
35. What are the different types of multiplexing?
Multiplexing is of three types. Frequency division multiplexing and wave division multiplexing is for analog signals and time division multiplexing is for digital signals.
36. What MAU?
In token Ring, hub is called Multistation Access Unit(MAU).
37. What do you mean by switching?
It is a method in which communication devices are connected to one another efficiently.A switch is intermediary hardware or software that links devices together temporarily.
38. What do you mean by flow control?
It is the regulation of sender’s data rate so that the receiver buffer doesn’t become overwhelmed.i.e. flow control refers to a set of procedures used to restrict the amount of data that the sender can send before waiting for acknowledgement.
39. What do you mean by Bluetooth?
It is a wireless LAN technology designed to connect devices of different functions such as telephones, notebooks, computers, cameras, printers and so on. Bluetooth LAN Is an adhoc network that is the network is formed spontaneously? It is the implementation of protocol defined by the IEEE 802.15 standard.
40. What is virtual channel?
Virtual channel is normally a connection from one source to one destination, although multicast connections are also permitted. The other name for virtual channel is virtual circuit.
No comments:
Post a Comment